Flame Retardants applicate in Composites

At present, domestic research and development focus on inorganic flame retardants, red phosphorus microencapsulation, intumescent flame  retardants and other fields.

Composite materials based on resin and rubber contain a large amount of organic compounds and have certain flammability. Flame retardants are a class of additives that prevent the ignition of polymeric materials or inhibit the propagation of flames. The most commonly used and most important flame retardants are compounds of phosphorus, bromine, chlorine, antimony and aluminum. Flame retardants can be divided into two categories: additive type and reactive type according to the method of use. Additive flame retardants mainly include phosphate esters, halogenated hydrocarbons and antimony oxides, etc. They are blended into the composite material during the processing of the composite material. Reactive flame retardant is added to the polymerization system as a monomer raw material in the process of polymer preparation, so that it can be compounded to the polymer molecular chain through chemical reaction, so it has little effect on the performance of the composite material and has long-lasting flame retardancy. . Reactive flame retardants mainly include phosphorus-containing polyols and halogenated acid anhydrides.

Flame retardants for composites should have the following properties:

①High flame retardant efficiency, which can endow the composite material with good self-extinguishing or flame retardancy;

②It has good mutual compatibility, can be well compatible with composite materials and is easy to disperse;

③ It has a suitable decomposition temperature, that is, it does not decompose at the processing temperature of the composite material, but it can rapidly decompose when the composite material is thermally decomposed to exert the effect of flame retardant;

④Non-toxic or low-toxic, odorless, non-polluting, no toxic gas is generated during the flame retardant process;

⑤ When used together with composite materials, the mechanical properties, electrical properties, weather resistance and thermal deformation temperature of composite materials will not be reduced.