Which flame retardants are used in flame retardant nylon-OP 1314
Flame-retardant nylon is one of many modified varieties of nylon. It can be used in automobile ignition system components, solar photovoltaic cell components, home appliance plugs and sockets, electrical circuit breakers and so on. The flame retardant rating of nylon before modification is around UL94 V-2. By adding flame retardant to nylon for modification, the flame retardant rating after modification can reach UL94V-0.
The processing temperature of nylon is relatively high. For example, the melting temperature of PA6 is 230-280℃, and the melting temperature of reinforced PA6 is higher, which is 250-280℃. This requires the use of flame retardants with good thermal stability. For example, iodine-based flame retardants with relatively small CI bond energy cannot be used because of poor thermal stability. At present, bromine-based flame retardants are more commonly used for flame retardant nylon. Flame retardants, red phosphorus and melamine salts.
Brominated flame retardants are a kind of halogen flame retardants. Among the brominated flame retardants, decabromodiphenyl ether is the most widely used. It is often used with antimony compounds. The HBr released by decabromodiphenyl ether reacts with Sb2O3 to form SbOBr, while SbOBr releases Sb2O3 when heated. SbBr3 is the main bearer of flame retardancy. The entire process is blocked by heat absorption and gas dilution. The combustion mechanism is flame-retardant.OP 1314 is used in GF-PA66, our brand ProflamePN4131 is equivalent to OP1314.
Halogen-free is now advocated, because halogen-based flame retardants can cause environmental problems when they are flame-retardant. In any case, the halogen-free flame-retardant nylon in the future is definitely the best choice. The halogen-free options are mainly red phosphorus and melamine salts.
my country is a big country in phosphorus resources in the world, so red phosphorus has a great cost advantage, and its flame retardant efficiency is higher, which makes it more widely used. Red phosphorus is decomposed by heat to form phosphoric acid. On the one hand, phosphoric acid acts as a dehydrating agent and promotes carbon formation. The formation of carbon reduces the heat transfer from the flame to the condensed phase; on the other hand, phosphoric acid can absorb heat because it prevents the oxidation of CO to CO2 , Reduce the heating process. It is flame-retardant through endothermic and cohesive phase flame-retardant mechanism.
However, in 2010, the Panasonic recall door incident caused people to worry about the use of red phosphorous flame retardant. The reason is that red phosphorous will cause certain potential safety hazards to the performance of the product. On the other hand, the color of red phosphorus also makes it limited to dark nylon products such as black or red. Therefore, light-colored or transparent halogen-free flame-retardant nylon generally uses melamine salts.
Melamine salts mainly include melamine cyanurate (MCA), melamine polyphosphate (MMP), etc., which have the advantages of low toxicity, low corrosivity, high flame retardant efficiency, and no conflict with additives. PA reaches UL 94 V-0 level.
After melamine salt is heated and decomposed, it will take away some heat and reduce the surface temperature of PA. From the perspective of gas phase analysis, the decomposition easily releases non-combustible gases such as ammonia, nitrogen, nitrogen oxides, and water vapor, which dilute the concentration of combustible and combustion-supporting gases and hinder further combustion within the PA. From the perspective of the condensed phase, the degradation of PA material is advanced, which promotes the generation of carbon residue and protects the interior of the matrix.